nkhani

Kuchiza kwa okosijeni ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri m'machitidwe amakono azachipatala, ndipo ndiyo njira yoyambira chithandizo cha hypoxemia.Njira zodziwika bwino zochizira mpweya wa okosijeni zimaphatikizapo mpweya wa catheter wamphuno, okosijeni wa mask osavuta, Venturi mask oxygen, etc. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito a zida zosiyanasiyana za oxygen kuti atsimikizire chithandizo choyenera ndikupewa zovuta.

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha chithandizo cha okosijeni ndi hypoxia yoopsa kapena yosatha, yomwe imatha chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo, matenda osachiritsika a m'mapapo (COPD), kulephera kwamtima kwamtima, pulmonary embolism, kapena kugwedezeka ndi kuvulala kwakukulu kwamapapo.Kuchiza kwa okosijeni ndi kopindulitsa kwa omwe akuwotchedwa, poizoni wa carbon monoxide kapena cyanide, embolism ya gasi, kapena matenda ena.Palibe contraindication mtheradi wa mankhwala okosijeni.

Nasal Cannula

Catheter ya m'mphuno ndi chubu chosinthika chokhala ndi mfundo ziwiri zofewa zomwe zimalowetsedwa m'mphuno mwa wodwala.Ndiwopepuka ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'zipatala, m'nyumba za odwala kapena kwina kulikonse.Kaŵirikaŵiri chubucho chimakutidwa mozungulira kuseri kwa khutu la wodwalayo ndi kuikidwa kutsogolo kwa khosi, ndipo chomangira chomangira chomangira chingasinthidwe kuti chigwire bwino.Ubwino waukulu wa catheter wa m'mphuno ndikuti wodwalayo amakhala womasuka ndipo amatha kulankhula, kumwa ndi kudya mosavuta ndi catheter yamphuno.

Oxygen ikaperekedwa kudzera mu catheter ya m'mphuno, mpweya wozungulira umasakanikirana ndi mpweya wosiyanasiyana.Nthawi zambiri, pa 1 L / mphindi iliyonse yomwe ikuwonjezeka kwa mpweya wa okosijeni, mpweya wa okosijeni (FiO2) umawonjezeka ndi 4% poyerekeza ndi mpweya wabwino.Komabe, kuonjezera mpweya wabwino wa miniti, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umakokedwa kapena kutulutsa mumphindi imodzi, kapena kupuma kudzera pakamwa, kumatha kuchepetsa mpweya, potero kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umakokedwa.Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa oxygen kudzera mu catheter ya m'mphuno ndi 6 L/min, kutsika kwa okosijeni kumapangitsa kuti mphuno ziume komanso kusapeza bwino.

Njira zoperekera okosijeni pang'ono, monga catheterization ya m'mphuno, sizongoyerekeza zolondola za FiO2, makamaka poyerekeza ndi kutumiza kwa okosijeni kudzera pa tracheal intubation ventilator.Pamene kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopumira kumadutsa mpweya wa okosijeni (monga odwala omwe ali ndi mpweya wambiri wamphindi), wodwalayo amakoka mpweya wambiri wozungulira, womwe umachepetsa FiO2.

Mask Oxygen

Monga catheter ya m'mphuno, chigoba chosavuta chingapereke mpweya wowonjezera kwa odwala omwe amapuma okha.Chigoba chosavuta sichikhala ndi matumba a mpweya, ndipo mabowo ang'onoang'ono kumbali zonse za chigoba amalola mpweya wozungulira kulowa mukamapuma ndikumasula pamene mukutulutsa mpweya.FiO2 imatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa okosijeni, kukwanira kwa chigoba, ndi mpweya wabwino wamphindi woleza mtima.

Kawirikawiri, mpweya umaperekedwa pamtunda wa 5 L pamphindi, zomwe zimapangitsa FiO2 ya 0.35 mpaka 0.6.Nthunzi yamadzi imalowa mu chigoba, kusonyeza kuti wodwalayo akutulutsa mpweya, ndipo imasowa mwamsanga pamene mpweya watsopano umatuluka.Kuchotsa chingwe cha okosijeni kapena kuchepetsa mpweya wa okosijeni kungapangitse wodwalayo kutulutsa mpweya wosakwanira ndikupumanso mpweya wotuluka.Mavutowa ayenera kuthetsedwa mwamsanga.Odwala ena atha kupeza chigobacho chomangika.

Mask osapumiranso

Chigoba chopumira chosabwerezabwereza ndi chigoba chosinthidwa chokhala ndi mpweya wa okosijeni, valavu yowunikira yomwe imalola kuti mpweya utuluke kuchokera m'madzimo panthawi yopuma, koma imatseka posungirako potulutsa mpweya ndipo imalola kuti malo osungiramo madzi adzaze ndi mpweya wa 100%.Palibe chigoba chopumira chobwereza chomwe chingapangitse FiO2 kufika 0.6 ~ 0.9.

Masks osabwerezabwereza amatha kukhala ndi valavu imodzi kapena ziwiri zam'mbali zomwe zimatseka pokoka mpweya kuti asapumedwe ndi mpweya wozungulira.Tsegulani potulutsa mpweya kuti muchepetse kupuma kwa mpweya wotuluka komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha carbonic acid yambiri