nkhani

Mercury thermometer ili ndi mbiri ya zaka zoposa 300 kuchokera pamene idawonekera, monga dongosolo losavuta, losavuta kugwira ntchito, ndipo kwenikweni "lolondola kwa moyo wonse" thermometer ikatuluka, yakhala chida chokondedwa kwa madokotala ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo kunyumba kuyeza thupi. kutentha.

Ngakhale kuti mercury thermometers ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yothandiza, mercury nthunzi ndi mankhwala a mercury ndi poizoni kwambiri kwa zamoyo zonse, ndipo akangolowa m'thupi la munthu kupyolera mwa kupuma, kumeza kapena njira zina, adzawononga kwambiri thanzi la munthu.Makamaka kwa ana, chifukwa ziwalo zawo zosiyanasiyana zidakali m'kati mwa kukula ndi chitukuko, kamodzi koopsa kwa poizoni wa mercury, zotsatira zina sizingasinthe.Kuphatikiza apo, ma thermometers ambiri a mercury omwe amakhala m'manja mwathu akhalanso gwero la kuipitsidwa kwachilengedwe kwa chilengedwe, chomwe ndi chifukwa chofunikira chomwe dzikolo limaletsa kupanga mercury yomwe ili ndi ma thermometers.

Popeza kupanga ma thermometers a mercury ndikoletsedwa, zinthu zazikulu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira zina pakanthawi kochepa ndi ma thermometers apakompyuta ndi ma thermometers a infrared.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi ubwino wonyamula, wofulumira kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo alibe zinthu zoopsa, koma monga zipangizo zamagetsi, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire kuti apereke mphamvu, pamene kukalamba kwa zipangizo zamagetsi, kapena batire ili yochepa kwambiri, idzapangitsa zotsatira za kuyeza kumawoneka kupatuka kwakukulu, makamaka thermometer ya infrared imakhudzidwanso ndi kutentha kwakunja.Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo wa onse awiriwo ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa wa mercury thermometers, koma kulondola kwake ndikotsika.Chifukwa chazifukwa izi, nkosatheka kuti asinthe zoyezera thermometer monga zoyezera zoyezera m'nyumba ndi zipatala.

Komabe, mtundu watsopano wa thermometer wapezeka - gallium indium tin thermometer.Gallium indium aloyi madzi zitsulo monga chuma kuzindikira kutentha, ndi mercury thermometer, ntchito yunifolomu "cold contraction kutentha kukwera" makhalidwe thupi kusonyeza kuyeza thupi kutentha.Ndipo zopanda poizoni, zosavulaza, zitapakidwa, palibe kuwongolera komwe kumafunikira pamoyo.Mofanana ndi mercury thermometers, amatha kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mowa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu angapo.

Pavuto losalimba lomwe tida nkhawa nalo, chitsulo chamadzi mu gallium indium tin thermometer chimakhazikika mukangolumikizana ndi mlengalenga, ndipo sichidzasungunuka kuti chipange zinthu zovulaza, ndipo zinyalala zitha kuthandizidwa molingana ndi zinyalala wamba zagalasi, ndipo sichidzayambitsa kuipitsa chilengedwe.

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1993, kampani ya ku Germany yotchedwa Geratherm inapanga choyezera choyezera kutenthachi ndikuchitumiza kumayiko ndi zigawo zoposa 60 padziko lonse lapansi.Komabe, gallium indium aloyi madzi zitsulo thermometer wakhala anayambitsa China m'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndipo ena opanga zoweta ayamba kutulutsa mtundu uwu wa thermometer.Komabe, pakali pano, anthu ambiri m’dzikoli sadziwa bwino thermometer imeneyi, choncho si yotchuka kwambiri m’zipatala ndi m’mabanja.Komabe, popeza dzikolo laletsa kotheratu kupanga mercury yokhala ndi ma thermometers, akukhulupirira kuti ma thermometers a gallium indium tin adzakhala otchuka kwambiri posachedwapa.